Journal: Chemmedchem

Article Title: Structure‐Based Discovery of Obeticholic Acid Derivatives as Novel Farnesoid X Receptor Partial Agonists with Improved Selectivity and Reduced Off‐Target Effects

doi: 10.1002/cmdc.202500960

Figure Lengend Snippet: Results of RT‐PCR in HepG2 cell line following overnight treatment with endogenous FXR agonist CDCA ( red ) (30 μM), OCA ( purple ) (10 µM), compound 2 ( green ) (10 μM and 30 μM), or compound 16 ( blue ) (10 μM and 30 μM). Not treated cells ( white ) were stimulated with DMSO 0.1. % Statistical significance was analyzed by One‐way Anova‐GraphPad Prism 5. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs 0.1% NT = not treated (DMSO).

Article Snippet: HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (RRID:CVCL_0027, HB‐8065, ATCC) were cultured in E‐MEM medium supplemented with 1% penicillin/streptomycin, 1% L‐glutamine, and 10% fetal bovine serum (Life Technologies).

Techniques: Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: Biomaterials

Article Title: A novel Kupffer cell-targeting nanoparticle system to Mitigate alcohol-associated liver disease

doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2025.123623

Figure Lengend Snippet: Release of DEX from NPs in 1X PBS for 21 days at 37°C and two different pH: 6.0 and 7.4; (a) PC-0.2+DEX; (b) PC-0.5+DEX; (c) PC-1+DEX: only PC-1+DEX showed significantly high pH-dependent release of DEX; n = 3 (d) cytocompatibility studies in (i) HepG2 cells and (ii) DTHP1 (macrophages) confirmed cytocompatibility of PC-1 and PC-1+INT NPs in both cell lines 24 h after treatment; n = 4.

Article Snippet: Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 cells were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Biomaterials

Article Title: A novel Kupffer cell-targeting nanoparticle system to Mitigate alcohol-associated liver disease

doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2025.123623

Figure Lengend Snippet: Uptake of NPs by DTHP1 and HepG2 cells treated with 1 μg/ml LPS and 0.16 % (v/v) EtOH; (a) quantitative analysis of NP uptake at different concentrations, confirmed higher, dose-dependent uptake by DTHP1 cells.; n = 4 (b) fluorescence imaging of NP uptake also confirmed higher uptake in DTHP1 than in HepG2 cells: green-coumarin-6 loaded NPs, blue-nuclei (scale bar = 150 μm) (c) quantification of NP uptake after cells were pre-treated with free INT (0.1 μM and 1 μM); uptake of the PC-1+INT NPs reduced due to the free INT pretreatment, confirming Gpbar1 targeting capabilities of the NPs.

Article Snippet: Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 cells were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Imaging

Journal: mSphere

Article Title: Plasmodium DNA ligase I is essential for parasite blood- and liver-stage development

doi: 10.1128/msphere.00674-25

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pb Lig1 is essential for parasite development in the liver. ( A ) HepG2 cells were infected with either UIS4/Flp or Pb Lig1 cKO sporozoites. Infected cultures were fixed at the indicated time points post-infection and immunostained with an anti-UIS4 antibody to visualize EEFs. ( B ) EEF area was comparable at 24 hpi ( P = 0.2500) and 36 hpi ( P = 0.1840), but was significantly reduced in Pb Lig1 cKO parasites at 55 hpi (**** P < 0.0001). Data represent the mean ± SEM from three independent experiments. ( C ) Quantification of EEF numbers at 24, 36, and 55 hpi revealed no significant differences between UIS4/Flp and Pb Lig1 cKO parasites (24 hpi, P = 0.6063; 36 hpi, P = 0.9036; 55 hpi, P = 0.9929; one-way ANOVA).

Article Snippet: Human liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells (ATCC) were used for in vitro infection of sporozoites.

Techniques: Infection

Journal: mSphere

Article Title: Plasmodium DNA ligase I is essential for parasite blood- and liver-stage development

doi: 10.1128/msphere.00674-25

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pb Lig1 is essential for nuclear division and merozoite development. ( A ) HepG2 cells infected with UIS4/Flp or Pb Lig1 cKO sporozoites were fixed at 62 hpi and immunostained with anti-UIS4 and anti-MSP1 antibodies. UIS4/Flp parasites exhibited robust MSP1 staining, indicative of merozoite formation, whereas Pb Lig1 cKO parasites lacked MSP1 signal, suggesting a block in merozoite development. ( B ) Quantification of nuclear number at 55 hpi. Nuclei were manually counted in ImageJ-analyzed images. Pb Lig1 cKO EEFs displayed a significantly reduced number of nuclei compared to UIS4/Flp (**** P < 0.0001, unpaired t -test). ( C ) Quantification of DNA content using Hoechst 33342 staining at 36 hpi and 55 hpi. UIS4/Flp and Pb Lig1 cKO EEFs were fixed and immunostained with anti-UIS4 and anti-MSP1 antibodies. Nuclear DNA within the PV was quantified by calculating corrected total cell fluorescence (CTCF) from Hoechst signal. Data represent 43 (UIS4/Flp 36 hpi), 47 ( Pb Lig1 cKO 36 hpi), 60 (UIS4/Flp 55 hpi), and 60 ( Pb Lig1 cKO 55 hpi) individual EEFs. No significant difference in CTCF was observed at 36 hpi ( P = 0.0693), while a significant reduction was detected in Pb Lig1 cKO parasites at 55 hpi (**** P < 0.0001, unpaired t -test), n.s., not significant. Data are shown as mean ± SD from two independent biological replicates.

Article Snippet: Human liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells (ATCC) were used for in vitro infection of sporozoites.

Techniques: Infection, Staining, Blocking Assay, Fluorescence